Nanoparticles as Additive to the Diesel and Biodiesel along with Blends: A Review on Emission Characteristics and Performance of CI Engine

Abstract

The depletion rate of fossil fuels are very high as well as they put negative impact on the environment. So the alternate fuels are required to meet the demand of the world. The bio based fuels and blends are the source which can be help for the sustainable development. The mild negatives of biodiesel, like its increased nitrogen oxide emissions, inconsistency with winter conditions, and frequent replacement cycles for engine parts like fuel filters, fuel tanks, and fuel lines owing to clogging, exceed its many advantages. By using nanoparticles as fuel additives, there is still room to improve the qualities of fuel and address its shortcomings. The role of nanoparticles additives increases the thermos-physical properties of the pure fuel, bio based fuel and blends. They directly affect how well the diesel engine performs. There are various nanoparticle additions that play diverse roles in the operation and emission process of the diesel engine. The common nanoparticles additives such as cerium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium, carbon nano tubes are the common additives which are directly used. This review article analyses the performance, emission traits, fuel characteristics, and issues with the nanoparticle additions. Additionally, this work aids researchers in their investigation of potential nanoparticle additions in the future.