Nanomedicine for Treating Specific Disorders

Abstract

Nanomedicine utilizes the molecular nanotechnology in the form of nanomaterial, and nanobiosensors to modify the properties of the drug for the treatment of human illness. The nanomedicine improves the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, stability properties of existing drugs. In addition, the nanomedicine serves as a diagnostic tool to monitor the physiological functions of the human body. The nanomedicine formulates the existing drug without using dose-limiting toxic excipients, and therefore nanomedicines reduce the toxicity of the drug. The sustained and controlled release of drug from nanomedicine also enhances the safety and efficacy. Overall, the therapeutic index of a drug is enhanced when the drug is administered in the form of nanomedicine. At present, a numerous number of nanomedicines have been developed to treat a wide range of human illness like cancer, HIV, kidney diseases, angiogenesis, etc. Recently, nanotechnology has been viewed as a revolutionary discipline in pharmaceutical and medical sciences. The advancements in nanomedicines are continuously growing to treat life-threatening diseases such as cancer, HIV, etc. Despite, there is a significant progress in the development of nanomedicines, the clinical translation of nanomedicine remains challenge in drug development. The present review describes the challenges, recent progress in development, therapeutic properties, clinical role and potential outcome of nanomedicine in treating specific human disorders. It will be useful to simplify the monitoring, diagnosis, and curing of diseases in personalized health care.