Abstract
Nanoemulsion has been identified as a promising delivery system for various drugs including biopharmaceuticals. Nanoemulsion is a heterogeneous system composed of fine oil in water or water in oil dispersion with surfactant and co-surfactant having droplets covering the size range of 20-600 nm and show narrow size distribution. High energy emulsification method achieved using high shear stirring, high pressure homogenizer, Jet dispersers, Micro fluidizer, Ultrasound generators or Ultrasonication. Different oil in water (o/w) or water in oil (w/o) nanoemulsions was prepared by aqueous phase titration method. Nanoemulsion were characterized by thermodynamic stability tests for phase separation, creaming, cracking, coalescence or phase inversion and prepared nanoemulsion formulations were characterized in term of morphology ,droplets size, viscosity, pH, optical clarity, zeta potential, conductivity, transmission electron microscopy, polydispersity. Pharmaceutical application of nanoemulsion formulation was controlled drug delivery, target drug delivery, nutraceuticals, food products, transdermal and colloidal drug delivery. The preparation, characteristics, evaluation and application of nanoemulsion are reviewed and summarized. Keywords: High energy emulsification, Jet dispersers, Microfluidizer, Nanoemulsion, Ultrasonication, Targeted drug delivery, Nanotechnology.
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