Abstract
The deposition of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets onto an ultralight melamine sponge (MS) holds great appeal for constructing mechanically robust and high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites. However, the full potential of Ti3C2Tx materials for shielding performance is impeded by the insufficient affinity between Ti3C2Tx nanosheets and MS. Herein, with the assistance of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), large-sized single-layer Ti3C2Tx nanosheets were firmly attached to the MS skeleton and enveloped the pores. The obtained Ti3C2Tx/MS composite sponges exhibit a unique multi-cavity structure. Moreover, hydrophobic modification was applied to the composites through the use of two-component silane coupling agents. The silane-modified multi-cavity structured composite sponges demonstrate significant enhancements in conductivity, mechanical strength, and environmental stability. Particularly, the incorporation of 17 wt% CNF leads to a 29.3 dB increases in shielding efficiency (SE) for the composite sponge. The enhancement can be attributed to the high reflectance of electromagnetic waves due to the highly conductive Ti3C2Tx/CNF cavity-membranes, the multiple internal reflections within the multi-cavity structure, and the improved interfacial polarization loss capability facilitated by the abundance of MXene-CNF interfaces.
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