Abstract
We have observed nanobubbles with measured dimensions of 30 nm wide and 1 nm high on a hydrophobic Au (111) surface in air-saturated water using tapping mode atomic force microscopy with a Q-control system. The existence of these nanobubbles implies that smaller, unstable ones may be present on a single extended hydrophobic surface or in water confined to hydrophobic pores on the nanometer scale. This leads us to propose an idea that a direct obstruction of the pore of a ligand-gated ion channel can arise from the deposition of anaesthetic molecules at a gating region with a relatively large hydrophobic inner surface area in the pore.
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