Abstract
The oral cavity is an intricate environment subjected to various chemical, physical, and thermal injuries. The effectiveness of the local and systemically administered drugs is limited mainly due to their toxicities and poor oral bioavailability that leads to the limited effectiveness of the drugs in the target tissues. To address these issues, nanoparticle drug delivery systems based on metals, liposomes, polymeric particles, and core shells have been developed in recent years. Nano drug delivery systems have applications in the treatment of patients suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders such as preventing degeneration of cartilage in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and alleviating the pain along with it. The antibacterial dental applications of nano-drug delivery systems such as silver and copper-based nanoparticles include these agents used to arrest dental caries, multiple steps in root canal treatment, and patients suffering from periodontitis. Nanoparticles have been used in adjunct with antifungals to treat oral fungal infections such as candida albicans in denture wearers. Acyclovir being the most commonly used antiviral has been used in combination with nanoparticles against an array of viral infections such as the herpes simplex virus. Nanoparticles based combination agents offer more favorable drug release in a controlled manner along with efficient delivery at the site of action. This review presents an updated overview of the recently developed nanoparticles delivery systems for the management of temporomandibular joint disorders along with the treatment of different oral infections.
Highlights
The oral cavity is an intricate environment that is subjected to various chemical, 1
Successful reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) was noted been used in combination with nanoparticles with in‐vitro studies testing its efficacy when Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) nanoparticles were used as compared to controls where higher CFU were against Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth
Due to the incorporation of ZrO2 NP into PMMA which improved the mechanical properties of the prosthesis, this resulted in a decrease in adhesion and proliferation of Candida albicans [73]
Summary
The oral cavity is an intricate environment that is subjected to various chemical, 1. Bacterial, viral, and fungal infections mandibular joint disorders prevalent which can cause various morbidities are found affecting the oralare cavity such asworldwide dental caries, periodontitis, endodontic diseases, for the patients suffering from it. Administration of drugs in this man‐of absorption of to theside drugs in sufficient with disturbances caused by constant disturbing for the patient To avoid such ner leads effects that areamounts at times along salivary flowcircumstances,. Nanoparticles delivery agents offers that canmore be used which ensures safe and effective delivery of theside drugs to the required various advantages such as avoiding drug‐drug interaction, effects, increasing affected areas [5]. Nanoparticles and nanofibers have been studied in literature with bovine serum albumin (BSA) being used as an active pharmaceutical agent for comparison [13].
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