Nano Coatings on Knee Implants – A Tribological Review

Abstract

Abstract Due to the change in lifestyle, the human knee joint is facing a lot of problems which includes the damage of the cartilage, it is known as Osteoarthritis (OA). The damaged cartilage can be cured by using total knee replacement surgery where an implant is fixed to the knee joint. In the knee replacement, the implants are made of stainless steel; titanium alloys which are bio-compatible to the human body are used. The foreign body gives a lot of relief to the patient, but due to their daily activities the wear is slowly developing between the implants. The wear debris is affecting knee joint of the patient which has a painful journey. The tribological studies are done to study the wear rate and friction between the implants. To reduce this effect Nano technology is used as a life saviour. Nano coatings are used on the knee implants to reduce the friction, wear and improves the life of the implant. This paper reviews the different Nano coatings, their tribological performance on knee implants. So that the present paper will be useful for the researchers to work on biocompatible implants and their analyses which may give solution to reduce the friction and wear in knee joint implants