Abstract
The electrokinetic phenomena in charged micro- and nanochannels known as streaming current and streaming potential arise when pressure-driven fluid flow transport by advection induces both a current and a potential at the channel ends. This effect can be used as a sensor/transducer principle and also to generate electricity for sensor power supply and therefore represents a mechanism for converting mechanical work into electrical power. Electrokinetic sensors based on streaming potential/current can detect the adsorption of chemicals, drugs or biological markers as well as pressure/flow or pH value. Electrokinetic sensors are passive sensors, simple to build, and can be easily integrated into nano- and microfluidic lab-on-chip systems.
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