京津冀地区植被物候时空变化及其对城市化的响应

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温度在调节植被物候的变化中起着重要作用,气候变暖和城市化均会对温度产生影响进而影响植被物候。基于京津冀地区2001-2020年的归一化植被指数(NDVI)时间序列影像,参照物候观测站点监测数据,采用动态阈值法提取出研究区关键物候参数,即生长季始期(SOG)、生长季结束期(EOG)和生长季的长度(LOG),分析近20年京津冀地区耕地、林地、草地不同植被的物候时空变化特征及其城乡差异,从而探讨植被物候对城市化的响应。结果表明:(1)耕地SOG分布呈现双波峰现象,林地和草地的SOG相对集中,3种植被的EOG的分布均较为集中;2001-2020年京津冀大部分地区的SOG提前,EOG推迟,LOG呈现延长的态势。(2)从城乡梯度物候差异的空间分布特征来看,整体而言耕地、林地、草地3种植被类型的城区物候与农村相比都存在SOG提前,EOG推迟的情况,并且城区与农村的物候差异幅度要明显大于城乡过渡带与农村的物候差异。(3)从城乡梯度物候差异的时间分布特征来看,2001-2020年间,研究区中新老城区、城乡过渡带和农村的SOG提前,EOG推迟,LOG延长,但耕地、林地、草地3种植被物候参数的城乡差异在逐年减小。(4)城乡温度差异越大,SOG提前的幅度越大,EOG推迟的幅度也越大。城乡春季温差每增加1℃,林地和草地的城乡SOG差异将分别增加9.44d (P<0.05)、10.66d (P<0.01);城乡秋季温差每增加1℃,林地和草地的城乡EOG差异将分别增加13.03d (P<0.05)、7.15d (P<0.01)。

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