降水对新疆马铃薯甲虫分布的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 降水对新疆马铃薯甲虫分布的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201403240525 作者: 作者单位: 西南大学植物保护学院,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,西南大学植物保护学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 广东省科技计划(2014A020209067); 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLOF201413);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(2011030262) Effects of precipitation on the distribution of colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata,in Xinjiang Author: Affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为明确降水在中国新疆地区对马铃薯甲虫分布的影响,揭示制约马铃薯甲虫分布扩散的关键环境因子,为马铃薯甲虫的持续防控和综合治理提供理论依据。该研究结合新疆历史降水数据,对马铃薯甲虫现有分布区内的降水时空格局展开分析,比较了马铃薯甲虫危害程度与降水时空格局的关系。结果表明:马铃薯甲虫现主要分布于新疆年降水量在150 mm以上地区,早期定殖的地区降水量大于后期定殖区,其扩散方向为自西向东,同时年降水量也逐渐减少。马铃薯甲虫危害程度也随着经度增加而递减,早期发现马铃薯甲虫的地区受危害程度较重。降水量减少导致的水分缺乏对马铃薯甲虫的分布扩散具有一定的制约作用。 Abstract:The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata is a major destructive pest of potato crops worldwide. It has dispersed from Kazakhstan into Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) of China. The dispersal mechanism of an invasive species and its interactions with abiotic and biotic variables of the new environment are critical determinants of spatial pattern and invasion rate. We investigated the relationship between precipitation and the distribution pattern of CPB using ArcGIS spatial analysis tools. Annual and monthly (April to September) precipitation in CPB-colonized and non-colonized regions were analyzed. The climate data were obtained from the website of China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. Based on the current distribution of CPB in China, we surveyed the occurrence and distribution of CPB in commercial potato fields across 35 cities/counties in northern Xinjiang for a five-year period, from 2008 to 2012. In each city/county, 2-3 villages with potato cultivation were randomly selected for the field survey, and in each village, 2-3 fields were sampled. CPB occurrence data were categorized into five levels: no occurrence (Level 0), light occurrence (Level 1), medium occurrence (Level 2), heavy occurrence (Level 3), and very heavy occurrence (Level 4). From the study results, the annual precipitation was above 150 mm in CPB colonized regions; the regions where CPB affected plants during the preliminary growth stages, such as in Ili Prefecture, had higher rainfall than regions where CPB affected plants in the later, established stage. When correlating CPB colonization with the direction of CPB spread from west to east, we found that annual precipitation was lower where CPB colonization was high. When the CPB spread reached the eastern front of the current distribution in Mori County, the annual precipitation was less than 150 mm, the same as that in the eastern part of Barkol County, Hami Prefecture of Eastern Xinjiang. Further, the precipitation in Southern Xinjiang was less than that in Northern Xinjiang. In the central region of the Tarim Basin, no precipitation was noted for the whole year. Thus, in regions with different CPB damage levels, the precipitation also differed. A linear relationship was noted between the damage level and longitudinal CPB occurrence, where the CPB damage levels decreased with increasing longitude. In addition, less damage was noted in regions with CPB occurrence in later plant stages than in early plant stages. Higher precipitation was noted in Level 2 and 3 regions than in Level 1 and 4 regions. A significant difference was noted between monthly precipitation in the Level 2 and 3 regions and Level 1 and 4 regions from April to September. These months were the main period of CPB damage in Xinjiang. Thus, reduced rainfall leads to a lack of moisture, which plays a role in restricting the spread of CPB. Therefore, our study results show the necessity of strengthening inspection and quarantine measures to prevent CPB from spreading eastward by artificial transmission. In addition, our results highlight the importance of the protection of potatoes and other Solanaceae crops. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献