Abstract
本文建立了沿流道方向的二维、两相、瞬态、非等温质子交换膜电解池的模型。模型主要研究了电解池内液态水、气体组分、温度及电流密度的瞬态响应规律。模拟的结果表明：液态水饱和度、温度、电流密度及气体组分的质量分数随时间的瞬态响应规律是不同的。液态水饱和度从瞬态到达稳态的时间较温度、电流密度、气体质量分数到达稳态所需要的时间长。液态水在多孔介质内的变化梯度较流道内的变化梯度大。靠近流道入口处截面上，液态水饱和度的变化梯度小于出口处截面上的变化梯度。电解池模式下，电池的总体温度是降低的，最低温度始终出现在阳极侧的催化层内，且整个电池的最大温差小于3 K。 A two-dimensional, two-phase flow, transient, and non-isothermal model is developed to study the transient characteristics in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell. The transient response of liquid water, gas species, temperature, and current density was investigated. Simulation results indicate that the transient response mechanisms of liquid water saturation, temperature, current density, and gas mass fraction are different. The response time of liquid water from transient to steady state is longer than that of temperature, current density, and gas mass fraction. The gradient of liquid water saturation in porous medium is larger than that in the flow channel. The gradient of liquid water saturation near the inlet section of gas flow channel is less than that near the outlet section of gas flow channel. In the electrolyzer cell mode, the cell temperature is decreased and the lowest temperature always appears in the anode catalyst layer. The temperature difference of the entire cell is less than 3 K.
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