Abstract
This paper studies basic mechanisms of passive dynamic walking from the mechanical energy point of view, and proposes novel gait generation and control methods based on the passive dynamic walking. Firstly, we show the uniform property of passive dynamic walking that, the walking system's mechanical energy increases proportionally with respect to the position of the system's center of gravity, which results in an interesting indeterminate equation that determines the relation between the system's control torques and its center of gravity. We then show that active dynamic walking on a level can be realized by solving this equation for the control torques. Furthermore, the applications to robust energy referenced control, as well as the extension for controlling a kneed biped system are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed methods have been investigated through numerical simulations.
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