Abstract
In this paper, three-dimensional space use patterns, interspecific interactions, anti-predator vocalizations, and social structures were compared among three species of tree squirrels (Callosciurus caniceps, C. notatus, and C. nigroviUatus) in lowland forests of West Malaysia. These sympatric species had each different space demands in respect of tree height or forest structure, and interspecific interactions were infrequent. Therefore, they were able to coexist in the tropical forests that consist of tall trees and have complex habitat structures. Anti-predator vocalizations and social structures differed among the three species, and this may be correlated to the habitat structure of each species: C. caniceps predominated in a bushy area and more subtly used auditory communication in predator avoidance than did the other two species.
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