Mycotoxin Biodegradation Ability of the Cupriavidus Genus

Mohammed Al-Nussairawi,Emese Varga,Zsolt Csenki-Bakos,Edina Garai,Anita Risa,Balázs Kriszt,Mátyás Cserháti,István Szabó

doi:10.1007/s00284-020-02063-7

Mohammed Al-Nussairawi, Emese Varga + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02063-7

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Abstract

The biodegradation and biodetoxification ability of five prominent mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin-A (OTA), zearalenone (ZON), T-2 toxin (T-2) and deoxynivalenol (DON) of Cupriavidus genus were investigated. Biological methods are the most appropriate approach to detoxify mycotoxins. The Cupriavidus genus has resistance to heavy metals and can be found in several niches such as root nodules and aquatic environments. The genus has 17 type strains, 16 of which have been investigated in the present study. According to the results, seven type strains can degrade OTA, four strains can degrade AFB1, four strains can degrade ZON and three strains can degrade T-2. None of the strains can degrade DON. The biodetoxification was measured using different biotests. SOS-chromotest was used for detecting the genotoxicity of AFB1, the BLYES test was used to evaluate the oestrogenicity of ZON, and the zebrafish embryo microinjection test was conducted to observe the teratogenicity of OTA, T-2 and their by-products. Two type strains, namely C. laharis CCUG 53908T and C. oxalaticus JCM 11285T reduced the genotoxicity of AFB1, whilst C. basilensis DSM 11853T decreased the oestrogenic of ZON. There were strains which were able to biodegrade more than two mycotoxins. Two strains degraded two mycotoxins, namely C. metalliduriens CCUG 13724T (AFB1, T-2) and C. oxalaticus (AFB1, ZON) whilst two strains C. pinatubonensis DSM 19553T and C. basilensis degraded three toxins (ZON, OTA, T-2) and C. numazuensis DSM 15562T degraded four mycotoxins (AFB1, ZON, OTA, T-2), which is unique a phenomenon amongst bacteria.

Highlights

The genus Cupriavidus was identified in 2004 [1]
11 Cupriavidus genome projects are known for the following strains, namely C. necator Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) 5 2238T, C. metallidurans CCUG 13724T, C. pinatubonensis DSM19553T, C. alkaliphilus Belgian Coordinated Collection of Microorganisms (BCCM) 26294T, C. basileneis DSM 11853T, C. oxalaticus Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM) 1 1285T, C. pauculus JCM 11286T, C. taiwanensis CCUG 44338T, C. campinensis CCUG 44526T, C. nantongensis KCTC 42909T and C. plantarum BCCM/LMG 26296T
Sixteen type strains of the genus Cupriavidus were purchased from the following strain collections, namely the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganizmen und Zellculturen (DSMZ) (German Collection of Microorganism and Cell Cultures), the Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM), the Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Sweden and the Belgian Coordinated Collection of Microorganisms (BCCM)

Summary

Introduction

The genus Cupriavidus was identified in 2004 [1]. Members of this genus are gram negative, chemoorganotrophic and facultative chemolithotrophic bacteria that can be found in several diverse habitats such as soil, root nodules and aquatic environments. 11 Cupriavidus genome projects are known for the following strains, namely C. necator CCUG 5 2238T, C. metallidurans CCUG 13724T, C. pinatubonensis DSM19553T, C. alkaliphilus BCCM 26294T, C. basileneis DSM 11853T, C. oxalaticus JCM 1 1285T, C. pauculus JCM 11286T, C. taiwanensis CCUG 44338T, C. campinensis CCUG 44526T, C. nantongensis KCTC 42909T and C. plantarum BCCM/LMG 26296T. The genome size of the genus varies from 6.5 to 8.5 Mbp [21]. Genomic sequences suggest that the species has significant catabolic potential, as several pathways responsible for aromatic ring cleavage have been identified, such as the catechol and protocatole ortho-ring

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