Abstract
Background. Intravesicular Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an effective adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer that has been shown to delay recurrence and progression of disease. Serious side effects are relatively rare but are difficult to diagnosis and commonly overlooked. Case Presentation. We report the case of a patient who was found to have mycotic aortic aneurysms secondary to treatment with BCG after a prolonged course with multiple intervening hospitalizations. Conclusion. Through this report, we discuss our present understanding of BCG infection following treatment and review the literature regarding this particular rare manifestation.
Highlights
Intravesicular Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an effective adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer that has been shown to delay recurrence and progression of disease
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis commonly used in the management of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer [1]
We report here a case of a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with a mycotic aneurysm secondary to BCG 8 months after his most recent treatment
Summary
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis commonly used in the management of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer [1]. Intravesicular instillation of BCG is believed to provoke an inflammatory response which when used as an adjunct to transurethral resection of visible tumor (TURBT) has been shown to delay both the recurrence rate and the progression of bladder cancer [2]. Side effects are generally tolerable; while up to 90% of patients experience cystitis and flulike symptoms for 24 to 48 hours after treatment, multiple series have shown that serious infections occur in less than 5% of patients overall [3, 4]. Mycotic aneurysm is a rare and often fatal presentation of this syndrome [5]. We report here a case of a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with a mycotic aneurysm secondary to BCG 8 months after his most recent treatment
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