RECURRENCE AND PROGRESSION OF STAGE T1, GRADE 3 TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER FOLLOWING INTRAVESICAL IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN

Abstract

We prospectively examined the incidence of recurrence and progression in patients with stage pT1, grade 3 carcinoma of the bladder following complete transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and adjuvant immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Between July 1987 and March 1999, 123 patients presenting to our clinic with superficial urothelial carcinoma (stage pT1, grades 1 to 3) received adjuvant intravesical immunotherapy with BCG after histologically confirmed complete transurethral tumor resection. Disease was stage pT1, grade 3 in 44 patients (36%). Median followup was 28 months (mean 43, range 5 to 141). Of the patients 36 (82%) with bladder preservation remained tumor-free during followup after 1 or 2 cycles of BCG. Superficial tumor recurred in 5 patients (11%) and muscle invasive progression was noted in 7 (16%). Radical cystectomy was performed in 4 cases (9%). Of the patients 5 (11%) died of cancer. Tumor-free survival for all patients was 89% (39 of 44). Adjuvant immunotherapy with BCG after complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor represents a highly effective primary treatment of stage pT1, grade 3 carcinoma of the bladder. Immediate radical cystectomy does not appear necessary.