Abstract
A major fraction (MPT-W), eluted by deionized water, was extracted from mycelium polysaccharides of Termitomyces albuminosus (MPT), and its antioxidant, anti-fibrosis, and anti-inflammatory activities in CCl4-induced chronic liver injury mice, as well as preliminary characterizations, were evaluated. The results showed that MPT-W was a polysaccharide of α- and β-configurations containing xylose (Xyl), fucose (Fuc), mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), and glucose (Glc) with a molar ratio of 0.29:8.67:37.89:35.98:16.60 by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Its molecular weight (Mw), obtained by high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), was 1.30 × 105 Da. The antioxidant assays in vitro showed that MPT-W displayed scavenging free-radical abilities. Based on the data of in vivo experiments, MPT-W could inhibit TGFβ1/Smad3 and NF-κB pathways; decrease the level and activity of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), malonaldehyde (MDA) and serum enzyme; activate the HO-1/Nrf2 pathway; and increase antioxidant enzymes to protect the liver in CCl4-induced chronic liver injury mice. Therefore, MPT-W could be a potentially natural and functional resource contributing to antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects with potential health benefits.
Highlights
Chronic liver disease can induce many complications, and it has become a major contributor to high morbidity and mortality rates [1]
Two peaks were separated by DEAE-52 chromatography (Figure 1A), and a major fraction (MPT-W), eluted by deionized water, was collected
Various mycelium polysaccharides of Termitomyces albuminosus (MPT)-W-treated groups significantly inhibited these growth trends when compared to those of the model control (MC) group. These results showed that the protective effect of MPT-W on liver damage in CCl4-induced chronic liver injury mice might be related to regulation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway
Summary
Chronic liver disease can induce many complications, and it has become a major contributor to high morbidity and mortality rates [1]. The fruiting bodies of T. albuminosus are composed of bioactive components, such as polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, lipids, ergosterol, saponins, cerebrosides, hydrogen peroxide-dependent phenol oxidase, alkaline protease, coumarin and melanin, which are used to strengthen peristaltic ability and in the treatment of some diseases, including intestinal carcinoma, hemorrhoids, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and antioxidant and antimicrobial diseases [10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. Among these bioactive components, polysaccharides have attracted increasing attention due to their antioxidant, immunomodulating, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory biological activities [11,17,18]. The monosaccharide composition, functional groups, configurations and molecular weight (Mw) of MPT-W were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC)
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