Abstract
Mutual coupling (MC) between elements in an antenna array could significantly affect antenna performance, but this effect has rarely been reported for circularly polarized (CP) antennas. Therefore, this paper investigates a wideband CP multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating between 1.8 and 2.6 GHz. A line patch was introduced between closely placed radiating elements ( $0.3\lambda $ ) to produce a high isolation between elements in the proposed antenna. The designed MIMO antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth, a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, a very low MC ( $\text{S}_{{21}} dB), a low envelop correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.01), a high diversity gain (DG ~ 10 dB), and a realized gain of above 2 dB over the entire frequencies. The prototype of the proposed antenna geometry was fabricated and measured. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results was observed.
Highlights
Mutual coupling (MC) is a phenomenon that distorts the behavior of radiating elements in an antenna array
The present study aims to assess the effect of mutual coupling on the performance of an antenna array
Reduced antenna performance was observed when a single element was arranged into the array due to mutual coupling
Summary
Mutual coupling (MC) is a phenomenon that distorts the behavior of radiating elements in an antenna array. Introducing the line patch with continuous ground plane (Wp-CG) structure into the array, shrinking the impedance bandwidth of the antenna from 42% to 36% caused the AR to vanish with a reduced gain to 2.2dB. Increasing the line patch size resulted in better isolation; S11 and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna were reduced. Performance comparison between this work and previous works on the CP MIMO antenna
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