Abstract

Municipal wastewater is the most abundant type of wastewater that falls into the category of low-strength waste streams. It is characterized by low organic strength and high particulate organic matter content. Municipal wastewater treatment plants have the potential to become net producers of renewable energy, converting the chemically bound energy content in the organic pollutants of raw municipal wastewater to a useful energy carrier (biogas), while producing clean water for communities in the vicinity. This paper presents a review of the different technologies that can be deployed in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The focus is mainly on bioreactor technologies that are available for current and possible future implementation in the municipal wastewater treatment systems.

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