Abstract
The potential for using wastewater sludge in combination with limestone to produce cementitious building materials is investigated. A ground mixture of the raw materials was incinerated to produce the cement clinker. The effects of raw materials mix compositions, incineration temperatures and durations on various properties of the cement were examined. The experimental results show that under controlled incineration, it is possible to produce the so-called ‘Bio-cement’ from wastewater sludge that would satisfy the strength requirements for masonry cement. When being used as a partial replacement material for portland cement, the Bio-cement can replace up to 30% by weight of ordinary portland cement without deteriorating the mortar strength. Blended cement with up to 10% replacement level not only shows higher strength than control portland cement, it also exhibits a higher rate of strength development at early ages. This paper presents properties of the cements as well as their strength characteristics.
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