Multisensor Fuzzy Logic Approach for Enhanced Fire Detection in Smart Cities

Abstract

As smart cities expand rapidly, the demand for strong fire protection has become even more essential. A significant challenge lies in ensuring that fire detection systems integrate seamlessly into our modern infrastructures. Leveraging multisensor systems can yield reliable data on potential fires. Particularly in smart buildings, the effectiveness of multisensor fire detection algorithms becomes paramount. This research introduces a fuzzy logic-driven method that harnesses the power of smoke, flame, and temperature sensors. While smoke, flames, and elevated temperatures are primary fire indicators, they can manifest concurrently or sequentially. We have amalgamated various fuzzy logic rules (IF-THEN structures) to gauge the intensity of fires. When a fire ignites, the sensors spring into action, identifying its source and promptly notifying users via the Internet and GSM modems. Moreover, they relay the fire’s precise geographic coordinates to fire departments. The fire’s status will be consistently updated on a dedicated online portal. It was observed from our results that the system proficiently sends fire alerts to residents, and the fire status undergoes regular updates at 45-second intervals. This refreshing is initiated by the identification of a designated percentage of smoke and flame. These outcomes validate the system’s effectiveness in enhancing the precision and responsiveness of fire detection capabilities.