Multiscale models of plasmonic structural colors with nanoscale surface roughness.

Abstract

Plasmonic coloration arises from resonant interaction between visible light and metallic nanostructures, which causes wavelength-selective absorption or scattering of light. This effect is sensitive to surface roughness that can perturb these resonant interactions and cause observed coloration to deviate from coloration predicted by simulations. We present a computational visualization approach that incorporates electrodynamic simulations and physically based rendering (PBR) to investigate the effect of nanoscale roughness on the structural coloration from thin, planar silver films decorated with nanohole arrays. Nanoscale roughness is modeled mathematically by a surface correlation function and parameterized in terms of roughness that is either out of or into the plane of the film. Our results provide photorealistic visualization of the influence of nanoscale roughness on the coloration from silver nanohole arrays in both reflectance and transmittance. Out-of-plane roughness has a significantly greater effect on coloration than in-plane roughness. The methodology introduced in this work is useful for modeling artificial coloration phenomena.