Multiply charged ion production with ECR ion sources: State of the art and prospects

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For the needs of future heavy ions accelerators, electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS) should be able to deliver intense beams of multiply charged ions. The 1 emA level intensity has been reached by ECRIS for medium charge states (e.g. O6+, Ar8+). However, thanks to a better optimization of the ionic lifetimes inside the ion source, high charge states intensities are also been improved. After a presentation of some scaling laws governing the ECRIS behavior, different ion sources will be shown: new compact all permanent magnet source shown, upgrade of the CAPRICE type source and a fully superconducting source.