Multiplication and Rooting Shoot Tips and Nodes of Petunia Plant (Petunia hybrida)

Abstract

This study was performed in the cell and plant tissue culture laboratory of the Mosul University Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agriculture and Forestry. Shoot tips and nodes were cultured on MS medium supplemented with (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0) mg.l−1 Kin during the multiplication stage of this investigation, and the resulting shoots were grown on 12 MS media for rooting with IBA (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) mg.l−1. In this experiment, we cultured pieces of leaf clippings from plants grown in the field and exposed them to varying concentrations of 2,4-D (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg.l−1) in order to initiate and differentiate callus. After eight weeks, MS medium containing 6.0 mg.l−1 Kin resulted in the highest rooting percentage (70%) and highest root number (17.0 root/explant) from cultured shoot tips produced in vitro; in contrast, nodes resulted in 6.0 shoots/explants with a length of 3.8 cm from MS medium containing 6.0 mg.l−1 Kin. Eight weeks after their in vitro production, all of the Plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to the field with 100% survival. The highest callus initiation percentage was obtained from cultured parts of the leaf on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg.l−1 2,4-D, while the highest shoots production percentage was 17.857% with 2.0 shoot/explant from callus initiation from MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg.l-1 2,4-D.