Abstract
This paper proposes the use of gated feedback gated recurrent unit network (GFGRU), a learning-based sparse estimation algorithm, for multiple source localization in the direct arrival zone of the deep ocean. The GFGRU, trained on sound field replicas of a single source generated by an acoustic propagation model, is used to estimate the ranges and depths of multiple sources without knowing the number of sources. The performance of GFGRU is compared to the Bartlett processor, feedforward neural network (FNN), and sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) algorithm. Simulations indicate that GFGRU behaves similarly to SBL and offers modest localization performance improvement over the Bartlett and FNN in the presence of array tilt mismatch. The results of real data from the South China Sea also verify the robustness of the proposed GFGRU using a 105 m-aperture vertical array in the deep ocean.
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