Abstract
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) patients have a considerably increased risk for noncommunicable diseases, which poses a serious burden on public health. The effects of different elements on MetS have received increasing attention in the field of noncommunicable diseases over the past decade. These elements can exert adverse or favourable effects on human health by synergistic or antagonistic actions. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the relationship between multiple-element exposure and MetS. MethodA total of 2095 MetS patients and 2039 controls free of major cardiovascular disease at baseline and follow-up visits were frequency matched for age (±5 years) and sex. The internal exposure levels of 15 elements in serum were investigated. Logistic regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of MetS for element concentrations categorized according to quartiles in the controls. ResultMagnesium (Mg), selenium (Se), barium (Ba) and mercury (Hg) were significantly associated with MetS in the multi-element exposure model. The ORs for the extreme quartiles of Mg, Se, Ba, and Hg were 0.29 (95% CI: 0.23–0.37, P-trend < 0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.42–0.65, P-trend < 0.001), 1.86 (95% CI: 1.51–2.28, P-trend < 0.001), and 2.61 (95% CI: 2.11–3.22, P-trend < 0.001), respectively. Ba may be antagonistic to Mg and Se in the human body. ConclusionsOur study suggested that MetS was negatively associated with Mg and Se and positively associated with Ba and Hg. There were significant dose-response relationships between Mg, Se, Ba and Hg and the prevalence of MetS, suggesting that multiple elements may be involved in MetS.
Highlights
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have increasingly become one of the main causes of death worldwide
One-quarter of the adult population is estimated to suffer from Metabolic syndrome (MetS) worldwide (Saklayen, 2018), and approximately 454 million adults in China are affected by MetS (Lu et al, 2017)
Participants in this study had been living in Beijing for at least 2 years, and the age of the participants diagnosed with MetS ranged from 50 to 75 years old (n = 7064)
Summary
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have increasingly become one of the main causes of death worldwide. Recent studies have implied that exposure to environmental pollutants such as metals and metalloids (Bulka et al, 2019; Planchart et al, 2018) may be positively associated with MetS components. Heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) have attracted extensive concern because of their toxicity to humans. The effects of different elements on MetS have received increasing attention in the field of noncommunicable diseases over the past decade These elements can exert adverse or favourable effects on human health by synergistic or antagonistic actions. There were significant dose-response relationships between Mg, Se, Ba and Hg and the prevalence of MetS, suggesting that multiple elements may be involved in MetS
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