Abstract
Background: To compare the predictive value of Circadian Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome for cardiovascular disease. Method: We used the data of 9360 Chinese adults aged ≥40 years from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Of the participants, 8253 people were followed in the 2015 survey. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined using the harmonized criteria. Circadian syndrome (CircS) was based on the components of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) MetS plus short sleep and depression. The cut-off for CircS was set as ≥ 4. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations. Results The prevalences of CircS and MetS were 39.0% and 44.7%. Both MetS and CircS were directly associated with prevalent CVD. The odds ratios for prevalent CVD comparing CircS with MetS respectively were 2.83 (95%CI 2.33–3.43) and 2.34 (1.93–2.83) in men, and 2.33 (1.98–2.73) and 1.79 (1.53–2.10) in women. Similar associations were found for incident CVD. The five-year incidence of CVD was 15.1% in CircS and 14.0% in MetS. The number of CircS components has a better predictive power for both prevalent and incident CVD than those of Mets components as indicated by the area under the ROC (AUC). AUC values for CVD in 2011 were higher for CircS than MetS in both men (0.659 95%CI (95%CI 0.634-0.684) vs 0.635 (95%CI 0.610-0.661)) and women (0.652 (95%CI 0.632-0.672) vs 0.619 (95%CI 0.599-0.640)). Conclusion The Circadian syndrome is a strong and better predictor for CVD than the Metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease is a major threat to human health globally [1]
We used the data of 9360 Chinese adults aged ≥40 years from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
The prevalence of circadian syndrome (CircS) and Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was 39.0% and 44.7%. Both MetS and CircS were directly associated with prevalent CVD
Summary
Cardiovascular disease is a major threat to human health globally [1]. Identifying the risk factors for CVD is vital for its prevention. A variety of factors have been found to be associated with CVD in China, mostly related to sedentary lifestyles and high consumption of an unhealthy diet [2]. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and includes raised blood pressure, dyslipidaemia (raised triglycerides and lowed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), raised fasting glucose and central obesity [3]. It is well recognized that MetS is associated with an increased risk of CVDs and the prevalence of MetS is increasing worldwide [4, 5]. In China, the prevalence of MetS was 33.9% in a 2020 The Authors.
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