Abstract
The magnetized phase diagram for three-flavor quark matter is studied within the Polyakov extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The order parameters are analyzed with special emphasis on the strange quark condensate. We show that the presence of an external magnetic field induces several critical endpoints (CEPs) in the strange sector, which arise due to the multiple phase transitions that the strange quark undergoes. The spinodal and binodal regions of the phase transitions are shown to increase with external magnetic field strength. The influence of strong magnetic fields on the isentropic trajectories around the several CEPs is analyzed. A focusing effect is observed on the region towards the CEPs that are related with the strange quark phase transitions. Compared to the chiral transitions, the deconfinement transition turns out to be less sensitive to the external magnetic field and the crossover nature is preserved over the whole phase diagram.
Highlights
The possible existence of a critical endpoint (CEP) in the QCD phase diagram is a long-standing issue that has captured the attention of the physics community
We have studied the magnetized phase diagram for (2 þ 1)-flavor quark matter within the PNJL model
Besides the usual PNJL model with constant scalar coupling, we have considered a magnetic field dependent coupling, which reproduces the inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) effect at μB 1⁄4 0
Summary
The possible existence of a critical endpoint (CEP) in the QCD phase diagram is a long-standing issue that has captured the attention of the physics community. Using the (2 þ 1)-PNJL model, the role played by vector interactions and the IMC effect on the CEP’s location was analyzed in [43], where opposite competing effects were found Another interesting aspect of the QCD phase diagram is the possible existence of a CEP associated with the strange quarks (with the respective first-order phase transition) in a generalized NJL model with the inclusion of explicit chiral symmetry breaking interactions [5]. This implies the existence of two CEPs in the phase diagram.
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