Multiparty blind quantum computation protocol with deterministic mutual identity authentication

Abstract

Blind quantum computation (BQC) studies the problem of how a client with limited quantum computation power delegates a computing task to a quantum server while keeping his input, output and algorithm private. To resist attacks from the lack of identity authentication in BQC protocols, we propose a multiparty BQC protocol with deterministic mutual identity authentication. For concreteness, a variant of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is first presented, and based on this, a method of deterministically generating the authentication keys of the registered client and the designated server is presented in the registration phase. Then a deterministic mutual identity authentication protocol is proposed to authenticate the identities of the registered client and the designated server by using the variant of MDI-QKD. Finally, in the blind quantum computation phase, the registered client can delegate a computing task to the designated server. Compared with existing BQC protocols with mutual identity authentication, our proposal works in a deterministic and efficient way. Furthermore, the proposed mutual identity authentication method can be applied in other quantum cryptography protocols, thus providing a valuable way for the construction of multiparty quantum communication protocols with identity authentication.