Abstract
In blind quantum computation (BQC) protocol, the quantum computability of servers are complicated and powerful, while the clients are not. It is still a challenge for clients to delegate quantum computation to servers and keep the clients’ inputs, outputs and algorithms private. Unfortunately, quantum channel noise is unavoidable in the practical transmission. In this paper, a novel BQC protocol based on maximally entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states is proposed which doesn’t need a trusted center. The protocol includes a client and two servers, where the client only needs to own quantum channels with two servers who have full-advantage quantum computers. Two servers perform entanglement concentration used to remove the noise, where the success probability can almost reach 100% in theory. But they learn nothing in the process of concentration because of the no-signaling principle, so this BQC protocol is secure and feasible.
Highlights
Blind quantum computation (i.e. blind quantum computation (BQC))1–7 is still a challenging research field, where a client has not enough quantum computability, and delegates her quantum computing to the servers who have full-advanced quantum computers
BQC protocol based on maximally GHZ entangled states
Photons are the best physical systems for the long-distance transmission of entangled states, entangled photons states are used as quantum information carriers in BQC
Summary
Blind quantum computation (i.e. BQC) is still a challenging research field, where a client has not enough quantum computability, and delegates her quantum computing to the servers who have full-advanced quantum computers. Some BQC protocols are based on the blind brickwork state which is proposed by Broadbent et al.. The quantum entanglement of Bell states in double-server BQC protocol will suffer quantum channel loss due to the influence of noisy channel. To solve this problem, Morimae and Fujii proposed a method of entanglement distillation to extract high-fidelity Bell states, its security can be guaranteed. Li et al. proposed a triple-server BQC protocol based on Bell states. Sheng and Zhou proposed a double-server BQC protocol based on Bell states, where the deterministic entanglement distillation can remove the noise that transforms pure entangled states into mixed entangled states. Bob and Charlie perform entanglement concentration to get ideal maximally entangled states, where two identical less-entangled states can be used to concentrate a maximally entangled state by two-step www.nature.com/scientificreports/
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