Abstract
In this paper, a multi-objective optimization method is proposed to determine trade-off between conflicting operation objectives of wind farm (WF) systems, i.e., maximizing the output power and minimizing the output power fluctuation of the WF system. A detailed analysis of the effects of different objective’s weight values and battery size on the operation of the WF system is also carried out. This helps the WF operator to decide on an optimal operation point for the whole system to increase its profit and improve output power quality. In order to find out the optimal solution, a two-stage optimization is also developed to determine the optimal output power of the entire system as well as the optimal set-points of wind turbine generators (WTGs). In stage 1, the WF operator performs multi-objective optimization to determine the optimal output power of the WF system based on the relevant information from WTGs’ and battery’s controllers. In stage 2, the WF operator performs optimization to determine the optimal set-points of WTGs for minimizing the power deviation and fulfilling the required output power from the previous stage. The minimization of the power deviation for the set-points of WTGs helps the output power of WTGs much smoother and therefore avoids unnecessary internal power fluctuations. Finally, different case studies are also analyzed to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Highlights
Due to environmental concerns and the shortage of fossil energy sources, conventional thermal electric power generation is gradually being replaced by renewable energy sources (RESs), such as geothermal, solar, wind, biomass, and hydroelectric [1,2]
Based on the receiving information, the wind farm (WF) operator determines the maximum output power that can be generated from the WF system and performs optimization to find out the optimal amount of output power
It can be observed that increasing the battery energy storage system (BESS) size or decreasing the weight ratio can significantly reduce the in the WF system
Summary
Due to environmental concerns and the shortage of fossil energy sources, conventional thermal electric power generation is gradually being replaced by renewable energy sources (RESs), such as geothermal, solar, wind, biomass, and hydroelectric [1,2]. The authors in [23] have presented a novel strategy for minimizing the output power fluctuation from a WF by adjusting the set-points of some WTGs. A battery energy storage system (BESS) has been used to support the operation of the WF system. A multi-objective optimization method is proposed in this paper for determining a trade-off between maximizing the output power and minimizing the output power fluctuation. A multi-objective optimization model is proposed for trade-off between conflicting operation objectives, i.e., maximizing the output power and minimizing power fluctuation from WF. This helps the WF operator to determine the optimal operation points for the entire system.
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