Abstract
This paper presents an extension of the basic truss layout optimization, in which the use of various materials is considered. A novel improved version of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, namely, GEMPSO, is developed for solving this problem. The enhancement is realized by introducing two core strategies: gradient estimation and multiple subpopulation division. The efficiency and reliability of the proposed improvements are demonstrated on a set of six test problems and three truss structures. Two multimaterial layout optimizations of truss structures are performed. The numerical results reveal that the appropriate partial use of expensive stronger materials can reduce the overall cost of multimaterial structures.
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