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Abstract
The Decode-Compress-Forward (DCF) is a generalization of Decode-Forward (DF) and Compress-Forward (CF). This paper investigates conditions under which DCF offers gains over DF and CF, addresses the problem of coded modulation for DCF, and evaluates the performance of DCF coded modulation implemented via low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and polar codes. We begin by revisiting the achievable rate of DCF in discrete memoryless channels under backward decoding. We then study coded modulation for the decode-compress-forward via multi-level coding. We show that the proposed multilevel coding approaches the known achievable rates of DCF. The proposed multilevel coding is implemented (and its performance verified) via a combination of standard DVB-S2 LDPC codes, and polar codes whose design follows the method of Blasco-Serrano.
Highlights
After the introduction of the three-node relay channel by Van Der Meulen [1], Cover and El-Gamal [2] proposed and analyzed block-Markov encoded decode-forward (DF) and compress-forward (CF) for the relay channel [3,4,5]
We show that the proposed multilevel coding approaches the known achievable rates of DCF
The proposed multilevel coding is implemented via a combination of standard DVB-S2 low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, and polar codes whose design follows the method of Blasco-Serrano
Summary
After the introduction of the three-node relay channel by Van Der Meulen [1], Cover and El-Gamal [2] proposed and analyzed block-Markov encoded decode-forward (DF) and compress-forward (CF) for the relay channel [3,4,5]. Compress-forward can be optimal under certain conditions [6], but it falls short under certain other conditions [3,4] This motivated a generalization of DF and CF into a hybrid technique by Cover and El-Gamal ([2], Theorem 7), denoted decode-compress-forward (DCF). This technique, its performance and implementation via coded modulation are the subjects of this paper. Exceptions exist, for example, Hern and Narayanan [21] used MLC in the context of compute and forward and Chen et al [22] studied multilevel coding in the two-way relay channel. We demonstrate the operation of this system by an implementation that employs for the DF components the DVB-S2 LDPC codes [23], and, for the CF components, a group of polar codes that are designed according to Blasco-Serrano [24,25]
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