Abstract
First study of phytosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using the leaf (KL), pod (KP), seed (KS) and seed shell (KSS) extracts of kola nut tree (Cola nitida) is herein reported. The TiO2 NPs were characterized and evaluated for their antimicrobial, dye degradation, antioxidant and anticoagulant activities. The nearly spherical-shaped particles had λmax of 272.5–275.0 nm with size range of 25.00–191.41 nm. FTIR analysis displayed prominent peaks at 3446.79, 1639.49 and 1382.96 cm−1, indicating the involvement of phenolic compounds and proteins in the phytosynthesis of TiO2 NPs. Both SAED and XRD showed bioformation of crystalline anatase TiO2 NPs which inhibited multidrug-drug resistant bacteria and toxigenic fungi. The catalytic activities of the particles were profound, with degradation of malachite green by 83.48–86.28 % without exposure to UV-irradiation, scavenging of DPPH and H2O2by 51.19–60.08 %, and 78.45–99.23 % respectively. The particles as well prevented the coagulation of human blood. In addition to the antimicrobial and dye-degrading activities, we report for the first time the H2O2 scavenging and anticoagulant activities of TiO2 NPs, showing that the particles can be useful for catalytic and biomedical applications.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is a vast field that is making impacts in all fields of human life
Among several metal oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are non-toxic with oxidation potency and elevated stability to light resulting into their broad applications in environmental remediation [3, 4]
TiO2 NPs possess fascinating dielectric, optical, antimicrobial, chemical and catalytic properties which lead to industrial applications such as cosmetics, pigment, fillers, whitening and brightening of foods, in personal care products like toothpaste, and photocatalyst [5, 6, 7, 8]
Summary
Nanotechnology is a vast field that is making impacts in all fields of human life. Nanotechnology is the manufacturing and exploitation of materials whose components exist at the nanoscale (1–100 nm in size). Nanotechnology explores electrical, optical and magnetic activities as well as structural behaviour at the molecular and sub-molecular level making them suitable for wide range of applications including biomedicine [1, 2]. Nanotechnology is concerned about the size of very small things; it is the revolutionary science and the art of controlling matter at the atomic or molecular scale to produce products with some desired and novel features or properties. TiO2 NPs possess fascinating dielectric, optical, antimicrobial, chemical and catalytic properties which lead to industrial applications such as cosmetics, pigment, fillers, whitening and brightening of foods, in personal care products like toothpaste, and photocatalyst [5, 6, 7, 8]. To further broaden the horizon of synthesis and applications of nanoparticles, researchers continue to explore different bioresources for their production [15, 16]
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