Multifunctional Microneedle Patch with Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol for Potential Wound Dressing.

Abstract

Treatment of skin wounds with diverse pathological characteristics presents significant challenges due to the limited specific and efficacy of current wound healing approaches. Microneedle (MN) patches incorporating bioactive and stimulus materials have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations and integrating bioactive materials with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for advanced wound dressing. We isolated diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) from Ishige okamurae and assessed its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects on macrophages and its antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes. Subsequently, we fabricated polylactic acid (PLA) MN patches containing DPHC at various concentrations (0-0.3%) (PDPHC MN patches) and evaluated their mechanical properties and biological effects using in vitro and in vivo models. Our findings demonstrated that DPHC effectively inhibited nitric oxide production in macrophages and exhibited rapid bactericidal activity against C. acnes. The PDPHC MN patches displayed potent antibacterial effects without cytotoxicity. Moreover, in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-stimulated mouse model, the PDPHC MN patches significantly suppressed inflammatory response and cutaneous lichenification. The results suggest that the PDPHC MN patches holds promise as a multifunctional wound dressing for skin tissue engineering, offering antibacterial properties and anti-inflammatory properties to promote wound healing process.