Abstract
Problem Statement: The Genotype by Trait (GT) biplot can be used to compare cultivars on the basis of multiple traits and to identify cultivars that are particularly good in certain traits and therefore can be candidates for parents in plant breeding program. Approach: The objective of this study was to evaluate the maize hybrids based on Genotype by Traits (GT) biplot to examine its usefulness in visualizing maize trait relationship and its application in hybrids comparison. Results: Correlation coefficient between phenological-agronomic traits showed that there is a strong positive relationship between all of the measured traits, except Anthesis-Silking Interval (ASI). This pattern approximately repeated during three years. Also, correlation coefficient between grain yield components reveals a positive or negative relation between measured traits. These results reflect the complexity of the correlation among the grain yield components. The genotype by trait comparison indicated that KSC 700 had greater value for rows number per ear and kernel depth whereas OSSK 602 and ZP 684 had greater value for thousand kernel weight and grain number per row. Conclusion: Results indicate that the pattern of the polygon view traits varied across three years. Consequently, GT biplot describes the interrelationships among traits and it was used to identifying hybrids that are good for some particular traits.
Highlights
The GGE biplot, which is composed of two factors, Genotype × Environment (GE) interaction is commonly observed by crop producers and breeders as a differential ranking of genotype yields among locations and years
Trait relations: The Genotype by Trait (GT) biplot reveals the interrelationships between traits and it is used as independent selection criteria based on several traits and in yield trials for grain yield evaluation (Yan and Rajcan, 2002)
GT biplot graphically describes the interrelationships among all measured traits on the basis of overall pattern of the data in different environments and years, whereas simple correlation coefficients only describe the relationships between two traits (Yan and Rajcan, 2002)
Summary
The GGE biplot, which is composed of two factors, Genotype × Environment (GE) interaction is commonly observed by crop producers and breeders as a differential ranking of genotype yields among locations and years. The GE interaction results from the differential responses of genotypes across a range of environments (Allard and Bradshaw, 1964; Kang, 1998; 2004). The GGE biplot methodology was used to visually analyze the results of Sites Regression (SREG) analysis of MET data. This method uses a biplot to show the two factors (G plus GE) that are important in genotype evaluation and that are the sources of variation in SREG model analysis of MET data (Yan et al, 2001)
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