Multidrug-Resistant Organisms: A Review of Transmission and Control

Abstract

Purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are becoming increasingly common in health care and community settings. As the physical therapy profession moves toward complete direct access, knowledge of the microbiology, recognition of these organisms, and prevention of transmission are important for physical therapists. Although health care–acquired MRSA is found in traditional care settings, community-acquired MRSA is found in younger persons, families, and members of sports teams. Methods: This article uses a review of the literature to explore the transmission of MRSA, as well as to highlight effective prevention methods. Both health care–acquired MRSA and community-acquired MRSA are compared and discussed. Prevalence of other MDROs is also described. Conclusion: Universal decolonization in intensive care units is one of the few strategies supported by a high level of evidence. Physical therapists must understand the development and transmission of MDROs, so that they can protect themselves, as well as others they come in contact with. Review of the integument, particularly in athletes, is important to identify MRSA lesions early.