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Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the main microorganisms associated with ophthalmic infections and determine the resistance profile of these isolates against antimicrobial drugs. 26 bacterial isolates from 18 canine ophthalmic infections were submited to the phenotypic resistance profile for 36 drugs of 12 classes of antimicrobials, research of multidrug-resistant strains with importance in public health and detection of Staphylococcus mecA gene by PCR. The bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus spp. (n = 18), Enterococcus spp. (n = 1), enterobacteria (n = 6) and Pseudomonas spp. (n = 1). The percentage of resistance and intermediate resistance were 42.48% (n = 325). Considering separate antimicrobials drugs, 18 isolates were characterized by multidrug resistant, while by the assesment of resistance to class, 20 isolates were multiresistant. In the phenotypic detection, 61.11% (11/18) of Staphylococcus spp. were predicted by Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus (MRS), whereas the genotypic detection, 38.89% (7/18) were carriers of the mecA gene. Two enterobacterias were considered producers of expectro Extended of Betalactamase (ESBL). EUCAST was more reliable for detecting MRS strains than the CLSI. The present study detected multiresistant isolates of great importance and are involved in cases of public health, such as MRS, MRSMLSb, ESBL, very important to be readily identified and controled so as to prevent the spread of this type of resistance.
Highlights
Superficial tissues, such as skin and mucosa, are colonized by different agentes because they are in constant contact with the environment
Phenotypic detection Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus (MRS) showed that 47.05% (8/17) of isolates of Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to oxacillin and 52.94% (9/17) to cefoxitin by the interpretation of CLSI, while of EUCAST
Compared to the detection of the mecA gene by PCR, two positive samples for mecA were susceptible to cefoxitin and oxacillin for CLSI interpretation while all 7 PCR positive were resistant to cefoxitin for EUCAST interpretation (Table 2)
Summary
Superficial tissues, such as skin and mucosa, are colonized by different agentes because they are in constant contact with the environment. In addition to the frequent exposure, the ocular surface is rich in nutrients, which makes a favorable environment for the colonization of microorganisms, ranging throughout life (Prado et al, 2005). These microorganisms, of ocular microbiota, act as an important defense mechanism (Wang et al, 2008), preventing the emergence of pathogens by competing for nutrients, secreting antimicrobial substances and to stimulate the local immune response (Moeller et al, 2005). There are several studies that have identified the resident microbiota of the conjunctiva and all showed the prevalence of Gram-positive, even in different animal species, such as dogs (Anvisa, 2013), horses, capybara, capuchin monkey, domestic ferret (Montiani-Ferreira et al, 2006; 2008a; 2008b) or even aquatic habitat animals as beavers, showed the same profile (Cullen, 2003)
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