Multicultural Competence as a Common Factor in the Process and Outcome of Counseling

Abstract

Much research has been conducted on multicultural competence (MCC) over the past four decades, though there is still a need to conduct further research into the role of MCC within actual counseling relationships and in relation to additional variables. The present survey study was designed to better elaborate on the relationship between MCC and several common factor therapy and outcome variables within counseling relationships. Findings indicated that MCC was more strongly correlated with all measured variables (except perceived change) within counseling relationships where client and/or counselor identified as BIPOC than in White–White client counselor dyads. MCC was associated with higher ratings on the other measured variables regardless of client–counselor race or ethnicity. Finally, path analysis supported a model where MCC (a therapist factor) influenced process factors, which in turn influenced therapeutic outcomes. The results provide support for the importance of MCC to the process and outcome of counseling, particularly for BIPOC clients.