Abstract
Active distribution networks (ADNs) are capable of mitigating phase imbalance caused by various operational conditions, including uneven growth of single-phase and intermittent distributed energy resources (DERs), incurring financial losses or costly infrastructure reinforcements. In this paper, the research gap for a flexible phase imbalance mitigating solution is addressed by proposing a multi-terminal phase-changing soft open point (PC-SOP). It is explored in detail on balancing the power flows and compared with other different types and ways of connection (including two-terminal and conventional). Then operational strategies based on different cases are presented for imbalance mitigation. Semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation is utilized to convert the original non-convex nonlinear model into an SDP model which can be solved efficiently by commercial solvers. Two case studies demonstrations are conducted on IEEE 13-node and 123-node three-phase networks. It is found that multi-terminal PC-SOPs can minimize power losses by between 5.56 % and 28.98% and have better voltage control (all buses operate in the allowed voltage range [0.94, 1.10]) and less PV curtailment (reduced by at least 6.31 MW/24 h and 0.63 MW/24 h for the two test networks separately) when compared to conventional SOP technologies.
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