Multi-principal-element alloy coating by laser method for biomedical applications: A review

Abstract

Metallic biomaterials exhibit favorable mechanical properties and are extensively employed in disease treatment. However, their surface properties often fall short, necessitating surface coating or treatment to enhance their functionality and lifespan within the human body. Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), composed of multiple principal elements, have emerged as a novel class of materials generating significant interest in the field of material science. Applying MPEAs as surface coatings provides exceptional hardness, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. Common fabrication techniques for MPEA coatings on metallic surfaces include laser coating, thermal spray, and physical vapor deposition. Texturing plays a vital role in augmenting the properties of MPEA coatings on biomaterials by improving adhesion, bond strength, and resistance to peeling. Laser surface texturing, a promising method for surface modification in biomedical applications, is examined in detail. This article presents a comprehensive review of MPEAs, coating methods, texturing, and the impact of MPEA coatings on wear resistance in biomedical applications.