Abstract
ABSTRACT The global energy market is rapidly replacing fossil fuels with renewables, propelled by the pressure to implement a globally sustainable energy strategy before the environmental effects become irreversible. Hybrid microgrids, which can provide electricity from multiple renewable sources, could be a cost-effective and reliable solution for factories wishing to reduce their carbon footprint. This paper proposes a grid-connected hybrid micro grid system (HMGS) for an automobile manufacturing facility that can operate autonomously. This HMGS is optimized with HOMER Pro and MATLAB software using a particle swarm evolutionary approach. A multi-criteria decision-making process is conducted to select the best battery technology for storage. The optimal configuration obtained is a hybrid PV-wind-diesel-battery sharing grid system with 691 kW PV,101 wind turbines, a 500-kW diesel generator, and ten lithium-ion batteries. This configuration has an energy cost of 0.0769 $/kWh, a loss load probability of 4.045%, and a renewable fraction of 50%. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to thoroughly investigate the effects of various system parameters on the final cost and system configuration. The findings suggest the automobile industry has a very high potential to increase renewable fraction by reducing grid usage, thereby lowering its carbon footprint.
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