Multi Objective Optimization for Multi-Microgrid Energy Management: A Lexicography Approach

Abstract

Microgrids (MGs) are known as the optimal solution for using distributed generations in smart grids. With increasing number and capacity of MGs, the Multi-Microgrids (MMG) concept is introduced. This paper presents multi-objective energy management for MMGs. The MMG has various local energy resources such as Photovoltaic (PV) panels, Wind Turbines (WT), Diesel Generators (DG), Fuel Cells (FC), Micro Turbines (MT), and Battery Energy Storages (BES). The MMG operator tries to minimize daily cost for MGs and MMG can participate in Demand Response (DR) programs. DR programs help to cost minimization, and reliability improvement for MMG but a non-coordinated DR creates a new peak in the distribution systems. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization is presented that it minimizes MMG cost and Deviation from Mean (DFM) load simultaneously. A lexicography approach is used and at first, the MMG cost is minimized. After that DFM is minimized in the second level of optimization. The proposed model will not increase the MMG cost but it improves load curve characteristics. This model is tested on a standard case study and it solved by GAMS software. The results show the efficiency proposed model.