Abstract
This paper presents the optimal placement of multiple Dispersed Generators using multi-objective optimization. The optimization is carried out with objectives namely active power loss, reactive power loss, voltage deviation and overall economy. The multi-objective optimization and accounting conflicting objectives are realized through Particle Swarm Optimization with fuzzy decision approach to find the optimal sizes and sites of Dispersed Generators for voltage dependent residential, commercial and industrial loads. The clusters of buses are formulated from base case load flow to limit the search space for finding the placement of the Dispersed Generators. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is tested on a 69-bus radial distribution. It is found that the optimal placement of the Dispersed Generators improves the overall performance of the system and the optimal allocation is affected by the type of load.
Highlights
The distribution system is the final interconnection between the bulk power system and consumers.There is a large number of buses and lines with a high R/X ratio, which results into high power losses in distribution systems
Further the obtained results are compared with the available results in literature for placement of single as well as multiple Dispersed Generators (DGs)
The optimal placement of single as well as multiple DGs has been investigated for voltage sensitive loads through the optimization of objectives represented through indices power loss index (PLI), QLI, voltage deviation index (VDI) and overall economy index (OEI)
Summary
There is a large number of buses and lines with a high R/X ratio, which results into high power losses in distribution systems. These losses are even more significant at heavy loads. It is important to optimize the operation of distribution systems by reducing the losses and enhancing the voltages profile To assure these improvements reconfiguration and capacitor placement have been employed earlier but in recent decade the placement of dispersed generation has attracted the researchers. The DGs have additional advantage of meeting load demand along with reduction in losses and improvement of voltage profile. To maximize these benefits, DG of optimal size should be placed at optimal site. Several optimization techniques have been utilized for DG placement by optimizing various objective functions, as single objective and multi-objective optimization problem
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