Multi-objective grey wolf optimization and parametric study of a continuous solar-based tri-generation system using a phase change material storage unit

Abstract

Considering the necessity of producing freshwater from seawater, especially in regions with high solar energy potential, this study proposes a novel system for tri-generation application using solar power through which high capability of freshwater production is available together with electricity and cooling. This system comprises a heliostat field and a phase change material storage unit for continuous production, a gas turbine cycle, a Kalina cycle, an absorption chiller, a humidification dehumidification desalination, and reverse osmosis desalination. The prediction of the behavior of the system has been accomplished utilizing a comprehensive parametric study; afterward, the method of grey wolf optimization has been utilized to optimize the simulation in different multi-objective cases. Regarding obtained results, the net power generation is obtained of about 4137 kW and 41.28 kg/s freshwater with 30.63 % exergetic efficiency and 57.55 $/GJ unit product cost. Also, applying the optimization declines the freshwater production rate, but it improves the other performance indexes. Under optimized condition an exergy efficiency of 32.90 % and a unit product cost of 48.98 $/GJ is achieved.