Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has a significant negative impact on morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, several therapeutic options to treat TR are available and patients at high surgical risk can also be treated with transcatheter procedures. For the management of patients with TR, an accurate assessment of the tricuspid valve and its surrounding structures is therefore of crucial importance and has gained significant interest in the medical community. Different imaging modalities can provide detailed information on the tricuspid valve apparatus, right ventricle, right atrium, and coronary circulation which are fundamental to define the timing and anatomic suitability of surgical and percutaneous procedures. The present review illustrates the role of 2D and 3D echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and multidetector row computed tomography for the assessment of the tricuspid valve and right heart with a particular focus on the data needed for planning and guiding interventional procedures.
Highlights
The tricuspid valve (TV) apparatus is a complex structure consisting of three leaflets inserted in the tricuspid annulus (TA) and connected to the papillary muscles of the right ventricle (RV) through the chordae tendinae [1]
TV intervention is recommended as a standalone procedure in the case of symptomatic severe primary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) or asymptomatic severe primary TR with progressive RV dysfunction [9, 10]
The tenting of the TV leaflets can be quantified with 2D echocardiography by measuring: (i) the tenting area, which is the area between the TV leaflets and the TA; and (ii) the tenting height that represents the distance between the TV leaflets coaptation point and the TA [29]
Summary
Several therapeutic options to treat TR are available and patients at high surgical risk can be treated with transcatheter procedures. For the management of patients with TR, an accurate assessment of the tricuspid valve and its surrounding structures is of crucial importance and has gained significant interest in the medical community. Different imaging modalities can provide detailed information on the tricuspid valve apparatus, right ventricle, right atrium, and coronary circulation which are fundamental to define the timing and anatomic suitability of surgical and percutaneous procedures. The present review illustrates the role of 2D and 3D echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and multidetector row computed tomography for the assessment of the tricuspid valve and right heart with a particular focus on the data needed for planning and guiding interventional procedures
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