Abstract
Grain size traits are critical agronomic traits which directly determine grain yield, but the genetic bases of these traits are still not well understood. In this study, a total of 154 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) population derived from a cross between a japonica variety Koshihikari and an indica variety Nona Bokra was used to investigate grain length (GL), grain width (GW), length-width ratio (LWR), grain perimeter (GP), grain area (GA), and thousand grain weight (TGW) under four environments. QTL mapping analysis of six grain size traits was performed by QTL IciMapping 4.2 with an inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) model. A total of 64 QTLs were identified for these traits, which mapped to chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12 and accounted for 1.6%–27.1% of the total phenotypic variations. Among these QTLs, thirty-six loci were novel and seven QTLs were identified under four environments. One locus containing the known grain size gene, qGL3/GL3.1/OsPPKL1, also have been found. Moreover, five pairs of digenic epistatic interactions were identified except for GL and GP. These findings will facilitate fine mapping of the candidate gene and QTL pyramiding to genetically improve grain yield in rice.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food feeding more than half of the world’s population
The QTL, qGW8, located on chromosome 8 was detected under four environments and the phenotypic variation was range from 9.8%–16.5%, suggesting a potential gene controlling grain width may exist in this region
We identified 64 QTLs for 6 grain size traits, of which 36 QTLs were novel and 7 QTLs were identified under four environments
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food feeding more than half of the world’s population. To meet the demand for food for the rapid growth of the population, continuous improvements of the rice yield will be necessary [1]. Rice grain yield is major determined by the number of panicles per plant or effective tillers per plant, the number of grains per panicle, and the grain weight [2,3]. 2022, vol., no.5 associated with grain weight, is made up of grain length, grain width, grain thickness, and length-to-width ratio, etc., which are key determinants of grain yield and grain quality [4,5]. The improvement of grain size traits is one of the most important tasks for rice breeders to increase rice production
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