Abstract
Most ultrasonic flowmeters utilize several wedge sensors for transmission and reception. Thus, the location and alignment of the sensors are critical factors that determine the performance of the ultrasonic flowmeter. In this study, we proposed an ultrasound liquid flowmeter utilizing a 128-element linear array transducer with a transmit delay control for varying the incidence angles of ultrasound wave transmission. The performance of the flowmeter was evaluated at flow rates of 0–50 L/min in a specially designed pipe system. Flow estimation was performed with the transit-time method using cross-correlation with phase zero-crossing for sub-sample estimation. While a single plane wave approach performed invasive electromagnetic measurements with only 74% accuracy as a reference, a multiple angular compensation method with 24 angles was proposed to increase the accuracy of measurements up to 93%. This study demonstrated the capability of the non-invasive single-sided ultrasonic flowmeter with a linear array transducer for liquid flow measurements in the metal pipe system.
Highlights
Flowmeters [1] have been utilized for liquid and gas flow rate measurements in industrial and medical fields
In the Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter, ultrasound waves propagating through the fluid are reflected by particles in the liquid, such as small bubbles or solids moving with the flow
4.55and for while waves the ultrasonic flowmeter using wavescoefficient showed a higher regression coefficient the focused beam, while the ultrasonic flowmeter using plane waves showed a higher regression a lower intercept (3.20). These results demonstrate that plane waves can estimate flow rates more coefficient and a lower intercept
Summary
Flowmeters [1] have been utilized for liquid and gas flow rate measurements in industrial and medical fields. It has a high sensitivity to flow change [8,9] Owing to these advantages, ultrasonic flowmeters are widely used for liquid flow measurements [10]. In the Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter, ultrasound waves propagating through the fluid are reflected by particles in the liquid, such as small bubbles or solids moving with the flow. The second type is the transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter, which calculates the flow rate according to the differential transit time of the reflected ultrasonic waves between the downstream and upstream flow of the liquid [12,13,14]. The transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter is used for clean fluids flow or for a non-invasive approach, which can use the strong signal from the pipe walls [11,15,16]
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