Abstract
The buccal drug delivery system is a prominent route of administration for drug delivery through the buccal mucosa. It is rich in blood supply with more surface area for rapid absorption as well as provides direct entry of drugs from the site of application into the systemic circulation through the jugular vein. Buccal drug delivery systems consist of various approaches such as lozenges, wafers, gels, microparticles, patches or films from which mucoadhesive buccal film is an attractive dosage form in terms of flexibility and high systemic bioavailability. Since most of the antihypertensive drugs show first-pass metabolism which leads to less oral bioavailability generally up to 20–50%. Thus, incorporation of antihypertensive drugs in mucoadhesive buccal films using mucoadhesive polymers can provide higher systemic bioavailability. The films can be formulated using various techniques such as solvent casting method and hot extrusion melt method. These films can be evaluated based on various characteristics to determine their efficacy and performance such as tensile strength, mucoadhesion residence time, and kinetic release data analysis. They have various advantages over conventional solid oral dosage forms, hence are preferable for the preparation of antihypertensive drug-loaded buccal films. Mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs can also provide controlled drug delivery with enhanced bioavailability.
Highlights
The buccal drug delivery system is the drug delivery system that emphasizes the drug administration through the mucosal membrane lining of the buccal cavity [1]
Buccal films are the dosage forms that involve hydration of water-soluble polymers to adhere and dissolve when applied between gums and cheeks, which can result in systemic drug delivery [2]
The inclusion of drug in the buccal films, avoids the hepatic first-pass metabolism leading to high systemic bioavailability [7]
Summary
The buccal drug delivery system is the drug delivery system that emphasizes the drug administration through the mucosal membrane lining of the buccal cavity [1]. Angiotensin II stimulates the contraction of smooth muscles of vascular arterioles which increases the blood pressure to a normal state. ADH causes the vasoconstriction of arterioles and veins in the skin which elevates the blood pressure to a normal state, while ADH promotes the reabsorption of water from renal tubules into the bloodstream to increase the blood volume by decreasing urine output. Increased systemic bioavailability The buccal mucosa is rich in vascular intervention for direct access of drug into systemic circulation through jugular vein as well as it provides a large mucosal surface for absorption [16]. This can provide enhanced systemic bioavailability for poorly absorbed drugs than conventional dosage forms. Buccal films can be used to surpass GI degradation for the delivery of antihypertensive drugs [7,20,21]
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