Mütterliche antepartale Risiken einer Schulterdystokie

Abstract

PATIENTS RESPECTIVELY AND METHODS: 224,744 vaginal and spontanous births >or= the 37 (th) week of gestation were analysed (2002-2008) to calculate the maternal risks for shoulder dystocia (obesity BMI >30, high maternal weight gain >15 kg during pregnancy, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes of gestation, duration of pregnancy >or= 298 days, multiparity >1 partus). It could be demonstrated for the first time (Degree of evidence III B), that multiparity and the weight gain>15 kg elevate the rate of shoulder dystocia independant of the birth weight. At a birth weight below 4 000 g in addition to the multiparity and the weight gain the obesity BMI>30 elevate significant the rate of shoulder dystocia (Degree of Evidence III B). In the birth weight group >or=4,000 g Diabetes mellitus elevate the risk of shoulder dystocia in addition to multiparity and weight gain >15 kg (Degree of Evidence III B). Diabetes mellitus elevate the risk of shoulder dystocia only in combination with macrosomia >4 000 g. The pregnant woman should be informed about the statistically proved different maternal risk factors for a shoulder dystocia and a possible paresis of the Plexus brachialis in relation to the fetal birth weight. The sensitivity of 60% of the sonographic estimation of the fetal birth weight is to low and cannot be the only content of an information about this danger for the newborn.